Rubicon Modulates Antiviral Type I Interferon (IFN) Signaling by Targeting IFN Regulatory Factor 3 Dimerization

Guanylate binding protein 4 negatively regulates virus-induced type I IFN and antiviral response by targeting IFN regulatory factor 7.

IRF7 is known as the master regulator in virus-triggered induction of type I IFNs (IFN-I). In this study, we identify GBP4 virus-induced protein interacting with IRF7 as a negative regulator for IFN-I response. Overexpression of GBP4 inhibits virus-triggered activation of IRF7-dependent signaling, but has no effect on NF-κB signaling, whereas the knockdown of GBP4 has opposite effects. Furtherm...

Cytokine Signaling 1 Immunity by Targeting Suppressor of Type I IFN Signaling in Antiviral Innate Inducible microRNA-155 Feedback Promotes

A Rhesus Rhadinovirus Viral Interferon (IFN) Regulatory Factor Is Virion Associated and Inhibits the Early IFN Antiviral Response.

UNLABELLED The interferon (IFN) response is the earliest host immune response dedicated to combating viral infection. As such, viruses have evolved strategies to subvert this potent antiviral response. Two closely related gammaherpesviruses, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and rhesus macaque rhadinovirus (RRV), are unique in that they express viral homologues to cellular interfer...

Hepatitis A virus protein 2B suppresses beta interferon (IFN) gene transcription by interfering with IFN regulatory factor 3 activation.

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) antagonizes the innate immune response by inhibition of retinoic acid-inducible gene I-mediated and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-mediated beta interferon (IFN-beta) gene expression. This study showed that this is due to an interaction of HAV with mitochondrial antiviral signalling protein (MAVS)-dependent signalling, in which the viral non-structural protei...

Negative regulation of IFN- signaling by IFN regulatory factor 2 for homeostatic development of dendritic cells

The development and cooperation of distinct subsets of antigenpresenting cells, particularly dendritic cells (DCs), may be critical for maintaining homeostatic immune responses. Recently, much attention has been focused on IFN, the cytokines induced en masse by virus infection or the activation of Toll-like receptors, in the context of DC activation. Here, we show that mice deficient in IFN reg...