Response of Warm Season Turf Grasses to Combined Cold and Salinity Stress under Foliar Applying Organic and Inorganic Amendments

Turfgrasses are considered an important part of the landscape and ecological system golf courses, sports fields, parks, home lawns. Turfgrass species affected by many abiotic stresses (e.g., drought, salinity, cold, heat, waterlogging, heavy metals) biotic (mainly diseases pests). In current study, seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Sw.) Tifway bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy × C. Dactylon) were selected because they popular turfgrasses frequently used for outdoor lawns sport fields. The effect combined stress from both soil salinity cold on these warm season grasses was investigated. Some organic inorganic amendments (i.e., humic acid, ferrous sulphate, silicon) applied as foliar sprays five times during winter late October to March. This repeated over two years in field trials involving salt-affected soils. physiological chemical parameters plants, including plant height; fresh dry weight per plot; total chlorophyll content; nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, potassium content, measured. results showed that all studied improved growth this period compared control, with a greater improvement observed when using sulphate acid silicon. For paspalum, highest content April recorded after application at level 1000 ppm. research indicates grown soils, can be warm-season maintain turf quality periods year. Further is needed examine any negative long-term effects explain their mechanisms.