Research progress of Fe-N-C catalysts for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important half-reaction for various energy devices, such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries. sluggish kinetics of the four-electron ORR needs development electrocatalysts with high efficiency activity to replace precious metal platinum. Alternatively, metal-nitrogen-carbon catalysts, particularly Fe-N-C, are considered most promising candidates because their rich active sites can reduce barrier oxygenic intermediates. In this review, recent research breakthroughs Fe-N-C catalysts in theoretical experimental studies summarized detail. First, mechanistic understanding electrocatalytic based on outlined. Then, design strategies classifications expounded, after which connection between site catalytic performance discussed. Subsequently, application status polymer membrane zinc-air batteries described. Finally, challenges opportunities regarding controllable synthesis, mechanism, applications devices further proposed.