RENAL CALCULUS.UNUSUAL SIZE, VOLUNTARILY EXPELLED.

Voluntarily Separable Repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma∗

Ordinary repeated games do not apply to real societies where one can cheat and escape from partners. We formulate a model of endogenous relationships that a player can unilaterally end and start with a randomly-assigned new partner with no information flow. Focusing on two-person, two-action Prisoner’s Dilemma, we show that the endogenous duration of partnerships generates a significantly diffe...

Anticipation boosts forgetting of voluntarily suppressed memories.

The role of anticipatory mechanisms in human memory control is poorly understood. Addressing the issue we investigated whether the presence of an anticipatory phase can enhance effects of cognitive control, as they occur during voluntary suppression of episodic memories. Using the Think/No-Think task, participants first learned several face-word associations, and thereafter were asked to either...

Nitric Oxide Values in Expelled Air from the Stomach

High values (800-6000 parts per billion) of nitric oxide (NO) in expelled air from the stomach were shown in humans by chemiluminescence technique. These NO values were more than 100 times higher than those found in orally exhaled air. Intragastric NO production is probably non-enzymatic, requiring an acidic environment, as NO in expelled air was reduced by 95% after pretreatment with the proto...

Voluntarily Separable Repeated Games with Social Norms

We extend the voluntarily separable repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma (Fujiwara-Greve and Okuno-Fujiwara, 2009) to continuous actions. We show that there is a (constrained) efficient bimorphic equilibrium which is robust under evolutionary pressure. It consists of a cooperative strategy and a myopic defection strategy so that our model provides a foundation to incomplete information models as well.

Fœtus Which Had Been Expelled with Membranes Entire