Removal of Ammonium Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Alkali-Activated Analcime as Sorbent

Five alkali-activated analcime (ANA) sorbents (ANA-MK 1, ANA 2, 3, ANA-MK 4, and 5) were developed for ammonium (NH4+) ion removal. Acid treatment calcination used as pre-treatments analcime, metakaolin (MK) was a blending agent in three sorbents. Sorption experiments performed to evaluate the effects of sorbent dosage (1–20 g L−1), initial NH4+ concentration (5–1000 contact time (1 min–24 h). 4 most efficient removal, with maximum experimental sorption uptake 29.79, 26.00, 22.24 mg g−1, respectively. 3 5 demonstrated lower capacities at 7.18 12.65 The results ions onto surfaces modeled using several isotherms. Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips, Bi-Langmuir isotherms best isotherm models represent studied systems. kinetic studies showed removal percentage ~80%, except 5, which had ~70% Moreover, pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich applied data. that process followed model, whereas pseudo-second-order model provided correlation 5.