Remote Sensing Image-Based Analysis of the Urban Heat Island Effect in Bragança, Portugal

Urban Heat Islands increase surface temperatures which impact the health and well-being of urban populations. Radiative forcing is impacted by changes to land associated with urbanization that are particularly significant immediately after sunset. This paper aimed analyze behavior UHI in different Local Climate Zones (LCZ) Bragança city (Portugal), using Air Temperature (Ta), satellite images (Landsat 8), on-site data. The methodology included a seasonal approach, integrating data scales (spatial, radiometric, spectral) qualitative quantitative analyses. Google Earth Engine (GEE) optimized processing time computation requirement generate Land Surface (LST) maps. integration corroborated complementation information/analysis detected correlation between Ta LST. However, identification was compromised due passage Landsat 8, it identified as Cool Island (UCI), complementary effect UHI, supporting results previous studies for use Remote Sensing (RS) thermal effects analysis.