Regulatory T cells sense effector T‐cell activation through synchronized JunB expression

Inducible MHC class II expression by mast cells supports effector and regulatory T cell activation.

In addition to their well-established role as regulators of allergic response, recent evidence supports a role for mast cells in influencing the outcome of physiologic and pathologic T cell responses. One mechanism by which mast cells (MCs) influence T cell function is indirectly through secretion of various cytokines. It remains unclear, however, whether MCs can directly activate T cells throu...

CTLA4Ig Inhibits Effector T Cells through Regulatory T Cells and TGF-b

CTLA4Ig inhibits effector T cells through regulatory T cells and TGF-β.

The CD28 costimulatory receptor is a critical regulator of T cell function, making it an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases. CTLA4Ig, now approved for use in humans, prevents naive T cell activation by binding to B7 proteins and blocking engagement of CD28. However, CTLA4Ig suppresses inflammation even if administered when disease is established, suggest...

Curtailed Tcell activation curbs effector differentiation and generates CD8 T cells with a naturallyoccurring memory stem cell phenotype

1 Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy 2 Institution of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales, UK 3 Translational Tumor Immunology Group, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, Epalinges, Switzerland 4 Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano,...

Regulatory T cells modulate staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced effector T-cell activation and acceleration of colitis.

Oral administration of bacterial superantigen Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) activates mucosal T cells but does not cause mucosal inflammation. We examined the effect of oral SEB on the development of mucosal inflammation in mice in the absence of regulatory T (Treg) cells. SCID mice were fed SEB 3 and 7 days after reconstitution with CD4(+) CD45RB(high) or CD4(+) CD45RB(high) plus C...