Regulation of placental nutrient transport and implications for fetal growth
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Regulation of placental nutrient transport and implications for fetal growth.
Fetal macronutrient requirements for oxidative metabolism and growth are met by placental transport of glucose, amino acids, and, to a lesser extent that varies with species, fatty acids. It is becoming possible to relate the maternal-fetal transport kinetics of these molecules in vivo to the expression and distribution of specific transporters among placental cell types and subcellular membran...
متن کاملPlacental nutrient supply and fetal growth.
This review considers mechanisms by which transfer across the placenta takes place and how the capacity of the placenta to supply nutrients relates to fetal growth and vice versa. Blood flow through both uterine and umbilical circulations of the placenta, the structural properties of the placental exchange barrier and its related diffusional permeability, and the expression and activity of a wi...
متن کاملPlacental Nutrient Transport and Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Intrauterine growth restriction refers to the inability of the fetus to reach its genetically determined potential size. Fetal growth restriction affects approximately 5-15% of all pregnancies in the United States and Europe. In developing countries the occurrence varies widely between 10 and 55%, impacting about 30 million newborns per year. Besides having high perinatal mortality rates these ...
متن کاملReview: Adaptation in placental nutrient supply to meet fetal growth demand: implications for programming.
This review considers the hypothesis that adaptations in blood flow, exchange surface area and transporter activity enable placental supply capacity to meet fetal demand and cause alterations in fetal composition which result in life-long programming of homeostatic set points. We consider the components of placental supply capacity and describe the predominant changes each of these could impose...
متن کاملPlacental mTOR links maternal nutrient availability to fetal growth.
The mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signalling pathway functions as a nutrient sensor, both in individual cells and, more globally, in organs such as the fat body in Drosophila and the hypothalamus in the rat. The activity of placental amino acid transporters is decreased in IUGR (intrauterine growth restriction), and recent experimental evidence suggests that these changes contribute dire...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nutrition Research Reviews
سال: 2002
ISSN: 0954-4224,1475-2700
DOI: 10.1079/nrr200239