Recurrent and concurrent patterns of regional BOLD dynamics and functional connectivity dynamics in cognitive decline

Abstract Background The brain’s dynamic spontaneous neural activity and functional connectivity (dFC) are both important in supporting cognition, but how these two types of brain dynamics evolve co-evolve subjective cognitive decline (SCD) mild impairment (MCI) remain unclear. aim the present study was to investigate recurrent concurrent patterns states correlated with decline. Methods analyzed resting-state magnetic resonance imaging data from 62 SCD patients, 75 MCI 70 healthy controls (HCs). We used sliding-window clustering method identify dFC regional activity, as measured by fractional amplitude low-frequency fluctuations (dfALFF). Then, occurrence frequency a or dfALFF state co-occurrence pair among all time points extracted for each participant describe their patterns. Results identified few further ascertained co-occurrent (i.e., states). Importantly, default-mode network (DMN)-dominated significantly different between HCs frequencies DMN-dominated were also patients. These features positively Mini-Mental State Examination scores. Conclusion Our findings revealed novel fMRI-based signatures dFC, providing strong evidence transition phase normal aging MCI. This finding holds potential differentiate patients via objective neuroimaging biomarkers, which may aid early diagnosis intervention Alzheimer’s disease.