Reanalysis-driven simulations may overestimate persistent contrail formation by 100%–250%
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Model-based estimates of aviation’s climate impacts have found that contrails contribute 36%–81% instantaneous radiative forcing. These depend on the accuracy meteorological data provided by reanalyses like ECMWF Reanalysis 5th Generation (ERA5) and Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research Applications V2 (MERRA-2). Using from 793 044 radiosondes, we find persistent forming at cruise altitudes in 30° N–60° S are overestimated factors 2.0 3.5 ERA5 MERRA-2, respectively. Seasonal inter-annual trends well-reproduced both models (R 2 = 0.79 0.74). We also a contrail lifetime metric is 17% 45% MERRA-2. Finally, incorrectly identify individual regions could form 87% 52% time, results suggest currently overestimate number contrails. Additional observations needed future order to provide locally accurate or support mitigation strategies.
منابع مشابه
Persistent Contrails and Contrail Cirrus. Part I: Large-Eddy Simulations from Inception to Demise
Large-eddy simulations with size-resolved microphysics are used to model persistent aircraft contrails and contrail-induced cirrus from a fewwing spans behind the aircraft until their demise aftermany hours. Schemes for dynamic local ice binning and updating coupled radiation dynamically as needed in individual columns were developed for numerical efficiency, along with a scheme for maintaining...
متن کاملComparison of Malaria Simulations Driven by Meteorological Observations and Reanalysis Products in Senegal
The analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of climate parameters is crucial to study the impact of climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases such as malaria. The use of malaria models is an alternative way of producing potential malaria historical data for Senegal due to the lack of reliable observations for malaria outbreaks over a long time period. Consequently, here we use the Liverp...
متن کاملEntropy-driven formation of chiral nematic phases by computer simulations
Predicting the macroscopic chiral behaviour of liquid crystals from the microscopic chirality of the particles is highly non-trivial, even when the chiral interactions are purely entropic in nature. Here we introduce a novel chiral hard-particle model, namely particles with a twisted polyhedral shape and obtain a stable fully entropy-driven cholesteric phase by computer simulations. By slightly...
متن کاملPersistent Contrails and Contrail Cirrus. Part II: Full Lifetime Behavior
More than 200 large-eddy simulations of long-lived contrails from several-seconds age until their demise have been performed and their lifetime-integrated behavior has been analyzed. The simulations employ sizeresolved microphysics and include variations of effective ice crystal number emission index, temperature, relative humidity with respect to ice, stratification, shear, supersaturated-laye...
متن کاملPre-operative imaging may overestimate the kidney tumor size.
PURPOSE To compare the kidney tumor size on radical nephrectomy pathology specimen with size estimated by computed tomography (CT) scan and ultrasonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS The tumor size on pathology specimen of 40 patients who had undergone radical nephrectomy at our center from March 2003 until March 2009 was compared with pre-operative CT scan and ultrasonography findings. The paire...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Environmental Research Letters
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1748-9326']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac38d9