Rapid and efficient colorimetric sensing of clindamycin and Fe3+ using controllable phyto-synthesized silver/silver chloride nanoparticles by Syzygium cumini fruit extract

Abstract The first evidence of a green, single-step, and additive-free process for the fabrication silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl NPs) by fruit extract Syzygium cumini ( S. ) without usage any stabilizer halide source was provided. formation optimized to control shape, size, stability via various pHs reaction mixture, quantity extract, temperature, concentrations silver ion, time. optimal conditions were determined: pH = 7.0, leaf 3.0 mL, ion concentration 1.0 mM, temperature 60 °C, incubation time 40 min. As an application in colorimetric sensing, ability prepared Ag/AgCl NPs sense clindamycin Fe 3+ aqueous medium investigated. SPR band color solution undergo dramatic changes exposure with new peaks appearing at 500 nm, accompanied change from yellow pink due aggregation NPs. Under 3.0, this sensor shown linear dynamic range 10.0 100.0 µM LOD 1.2 good relationships R 2 0.99) clindamycin. On other hand, quenching peak 412 nm used monitor ions wide ranges 10.0–350.0 under (pH 9) 5.6 µM. In addition, proposed displayed applicability real sample containing (in capsules injection ampoules) water samples) detection. Graphical