Quantifying the Pathways of Latent Heat Dissipation during Droplet Freezing on Cooled Substrates

Abstract When a liquid droplet freezes on cooled substrate, the portion of latent heat released by ice formation that is not immediately absorbed supercooled transferred to solid substrate below and surrounding air. It important quantify dissipation through these two pathways because they govern propagation frost between multiple droplets. In this paper, infrared (IR) thermography measurements surface freezing are used fraction ambient These IR also show crystallization dynamics related size droplet, as front moves slower in larger Numerical simulations solidification process performed using temperature data at contact line boundary condition. simulations, which have good agreement with experimentally measured times, reveal base area best described time-dependent condition, contrary constant values rates transfer assumed previous numerical reported literature. further contrast highly simplified descriptions interaction its models, model developed current work accounts for conduction, convection, evaporative cooling droplet-air interface. The simulation results indicate only small lost interface via conduction cooling. rate shown be least one order magnitude greater than