Quality of urban climate adaptation plans over time

Abstract Defining and measuring progress in adaptation are important questions for climate science, policy, practice. Here, we assess the of urban planning 327 European cities between 2005 2020 using three ‘ADAptation plan Quality Assessment’ indices, called ADAQA-1/ 2/ 3, that combine six quality principles. Half have an its significantly increased over time. However, generally, is still low many cities. Participation monitoring evaluation particularly weak aspects together with ‘consistency’. Consistency connects impacts vulnerabilities goals, planned measures, actions, evaluation, participation processes. a key factor overall plans. To help evaluate plans policies promote learning, suggest incorporating our ADAptation Assessment indices into portfolio assessments tracking methodologies.