Probing miniband structure and Hofstadter butterfly in gated graphene superlattices via magnetotransport

Abstract The presence of periodic modulation in graphene leads to a reconstruction the band structure and formation minibands. In an external uniform magnetic field, fractal energy spectrum called Hofstadter butterfly is formed. Particularly interesting this regard are superlattices with tunable strength, such as electrostatically induced ones graphene. We perform quantum transport modeling gate-induced square two-dimensional superlattice investigate relation details structure. At low field dynamics carriers reflects semi-classical orbits which depend on mini theoretically model transverse focusing, ballistic technique by means we minibands, their extent carrier type. find good agreement between focusing spectra structures obtained from continuum model, proving usefulness technique. high calculated four-probe resistance fit for our superlattice. Our provides insight into structures, can be applied other geometries.