Presence of retrovirus reverse transcriptase-related gene sequences in avian cells lacking endogenous avian leukosis viruses.

Evolution and characterization of tetraonine endogenous retrovirus: a new virus related to avian sarcoma and leukosis viruses.

In a previous study, we found avian sarcoma and leukosis virus (ASLV) gag genes in 19 species of birds in the order Galliformes including all grouse and ptarmigan (Tetraoninae) surveyed. Our data suggested that retroviruses had been transmitted horizontally among some host species. To further investigate these elements, we sequenced a replication-defective retrovirus, here named tetraonine endo...

Lack of evidence of endogenous avian leukosis virus and endogenous avian retrovirus transmission to measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine recipients.

The identification of endogenous avian leukosis virus (ALV) and endogenous avian retrovirus (EAV) in chick cell-derived measles and mumps vaccines in current use has raised concern about transmission of these retroviruses to vaccine recipients. We used serologic and molecular methods to analyze specimens from 206 recipients of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine for evidence of infection ...

Target cells for transformation with avian leukosis viruses.

Leukemia is a widespread disorder of the hemopoietic system of vertebrates which has been particularly well analyzed in chickens, mice and recently also in cats (for review See I). It seems now Safe to assume that the majority of the different ypes of leukemias found in animals are caused by infection with or activation of C-type leukemia viruses (I). In fact, it has been known since 1908 that ...

Avian lymphoid leukosis: Virus-like particles in kidney Cells

Telomerase reverse transcriptase expression elevated by avian leukosis virus integration in B cell lymphomas.

Simple retroviruses induce tumors by integrating into the host genome, activating cellular oncogenes and microRNAs, or inactivating tumor suppressor genes. The identification of these genes elucidates molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis. In this study, we identified avian leukosis virus (ALV) proviral integration sites in rapid-onset B cell lymphomas arising <12 weeks after infection of chick...