Predictors and outcomes of extubation failure in extremely preterm infants

Aim To determine predictors and outcomes of extubation failure in extremely preterm (EP) infants born <28 weeks' gestational age (GA). Methods Retrospective clinical audit across two tertiary-level neonatal intensive care units Melbourne, Australia. Two-hundred four EP who survived to their first from mechanical ventilation. Extubation (re-intubation) within 7 days after the extubation. Results Lower GA (odds ratio [OR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.61–0.89, P < 0.001) higher pre-extubation measured mean airway pressure (MAP) on ventilator (OR 1.9 [95% CI 1.41–2.51], predicted failure. The area under a receiver operating characteristic curve for MAP was 0.77 (95% 0.70–0.82). After adjustment GA, experienced had rates bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P 0.001), post-natal systemic corticosteroid treatment trauma 0.003), longer durations with ventilation non-invasive respiratory support supplemental oxygen therapy = 0.05) hospitalisation 0.025). Conclusions were predictive infants. associated increased morbidity extended periods hospitalisation.