Potential Toxic elements in shellfish from three rivers in Niger Delta, Nigeria: bioaccumulation, dietary intake, and human health risk assessment

Human health risks associated with the consumption of three shellfish (<i>Penaeus monodon, Crassostrea rhizophorae</i>, and <i>Tympanostomus fuscatus</i>) harvested from Buguma, Krakrama, Bonny Rivers in Niger Delta region were evaluated this study. The bioaccumulation potential toxic elements (PTEs) [Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni)] was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). pollution index (PPI), estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), total (HI), cancer risk (CR), (TCR) for human risks. levels PTEs samples followed order: Ni > Cr Pb Cd As above standard recommended limits except inorganic observed <i>T. fuscatus</i> <i>P. monodon</i> Krakrama <i>C. rhizophorae</i> river. EDI values iAs, Cr, lower than tolerable (TDI), however, children (4.6E-03 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>day<sup>-1</sup>), (1.7E-03 kg-<sup>-1</sup>day<sup>-1</sup>) C. rhizophorae (1.4E-03 kg<sup>-1</sup>day<sup>-1</sup>) Buguma higher TDI value (8.00E-04 kg<sup>-1</sup>day<sup>-1</sup>). HI 1. all species rivers adults ranged 8.69E-04 to 2.47E-03 1.86E-03 5.30E-03 respectively these priority level (1E-04), hence, need monitor study area.