Pore Evolution of Oil Shale during Sub-Critical Water Extraction

Pore Scale Analysis of Oil Shale / Sands

simulation and experimental studies for prediction mineral scale formation in oil field during mixing of injection and formation water

abstract: mineral scaling in oil and gas production equipment is one of the most important problem that occurs while water injection and it has been recognized to be a major operational problem. the incompatibility between injected and formation waters may result in inorganic scale precipitation in the equipment and reservoir and then reduction of oil production rate and water injection rate. ...

Continuous Flow Hydrolysis of Sunflower Oil Using Sub-critical Water

The use of sub-critical water has recently been proven to be a successful medium for conducting hydrolysis reactions without employing acid or alkali catalysts. This work presents the usage of sub-critical water as both solvent and reactant for the continuous flow hydrolysis of sunflower oil (triglyceride) in a tubular reactor. The hydrolysis products of sunflower oil are fatty acids and glycer...

Application of Sub-Critical Water Extraction in Pharmaceutical Industry

Sub-critical water extraction is a brand-new separation technology. This paper mainly discussed the principle, advantages of sub-critical water extraction, and its applications ranging from the medicinal plants traditionally used in Europe and Asia to produce pharmaceutical extracts (such as volatile oil, tannins, flavonoids, anthraquinone, lactone, etc.). Meanwhile, the prospect of sub-critica...

Extraction of Oil Shale: Surface and in Situ Retorting