Pointing Error Modeling of mmWave to THz High-Directional Antenna Arrays

This letter focuses on providing an analytical framework for the quantification and evaluation of pointing error at high-frequency millimeter wave (mmWave) terahertz (THz) communication links. For this aim, we first characterize channel a point-to-point link between unstable transmitter (Tx) receiver (Rx) then, derive probability density function (PDF) cumulative distribution functions (CDF) in presence Tx Rx as antennas’ pattern. Specifically, standard array antenna, closed-form expression is provided PDF error, which number antenna elements. Moreover, more tractable approximate model CDF error. In addition, using $\alpha -\mu $ distribution, common small-scale fading THz links, end-to-end considered derived used to calculate outage system. Finally, by employing Monte-Carlo simulations, accuracy expressions verified performance system studied.