Pneumothorax Ex-vacuo or Trapped Lungs Appearing as Iatrogenic Hydropneumothorax: A Case Report and Review of Non-expandable Lungs (NEL)

Non-expandable lungs are usually diagnosed after a pleural intervention. It can be challenging to differentiate between an iatrogenic pneumothorax and new diagnosis of non-expandable following The correct assessment save the patient from undergoing insertion unnecessary intercostal chest drain, which often leads catastrophe. Suspicion early evaluation remain keys, particularly in patients with chronic effusion. Often is reached through combination history, fluid analysis, radiological features such as absence straight line X-ray, commonly found true hydropneumothorax, along computed tomographic evidence effusion thick rind. Although not routinely performed, manometry confirm trapped lungs. We present our case, where 64-year-old woman metastatic oesophageal cancer developed right-sided post-procedure X-ray therapeutic aspiration gave impression on further careful revealed rather ex-vacuo due underlying review