Plant stages with biotic, indirect defences are more palatable and suffer less herbivory than their undefended counterparts

Plant stages with biotic, indirect defences are more palatable and suffer less herbivory than their undefended counterparts

Plants have evolved several anti-herbivory strategies, including direct defences, such as mechanical and chemical defences, and indirect or biotic defences, such as the recruitment of defending animals. We examined whether the investment plants make in direct defences differs between those which do and do not invest in biotic defences, by comparing standing herbivory and palatability of congene...

Does Biosynthetic Silver Nanoparticles Are More Stable With Lower Toxicity than Their Synthetic Counterparts?

Control of size and shape is a challenge in nanoparticle synthesis. Synthetic and biosynthetic (both extracellular and intracellular) methods are used to prepare silver nanoparticle (SNP). In this study, the behavior of three strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was investigated in the presence of silver nitrate intra- and extracellularly. S. aureus strains biosynthesized SNPs intracell...

Does Biosynthetic Silver Nanoparticles Are More Stable With Lower Toxicity than Their Synthetic Counterparts?

Control of size and shape is a challenge in nanoparticle synthesis. Synthetic and biosynthetic (both extracellular and intracellular) methods are used to prepare silver nanoparticle (SNP). In this study, the behavior of three strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was investigated in the presence of silver nitrate intra- and extracellularly. S. aureus strains biosynthesized SNPs intracell...

Irish smokers with rheumatoid arthritis suffer more than their nonsmoking counterparts.

Metaphorical Sentences Are More Emotionally Engaging than Their Literal Counterparts

Why do people so often use metaphorical expressions when literal paraphrases are readily available? This study focuses on a comparison of metaphorical statements involving the source domain of taste (e.g., "She looked at him sweetly") and their literal paraphrases (e.g., "She looked at him kindly"). Metaphorical and literal sentences differed only in one word and were normed for length, familia...