Planar Antenna Arrays Beamforming Using Various optimization algorithms

Due to the importance of beamforming in improving communication systems performance, this paper presents a novel study planar antenna arrays (PAAs) utilizing Improved Grey Wolf Optimization (I-GWO) algorithm with goal minimizing peak sidelobe level (PSLL). It is very important suppress (SLL) because it minimizes interference and received noise. A two-dimensional (2D) optimization method presented find optimal amplitude excitations element placements PAA. The effectiveness using I-GWO illustrated by comparing different metaheuristic algorithms such as Particle Swarm (PSO), Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), Hybrid (PSOGSA), Runge Kutta Optimizer (RUN), Slime Mould (SMA), Harris Hawks (HHO), well original (GWO). Simulation findings show that array effective 2D compared other algorithms, where technique achieved most decreased SLL fewest elements, which helps reduce cost entire system. This clearly shows efficient can be applied solve problems. also used for radiation pattern synthesis geometries wireless networks applications.