Phytoconstituents and Antimycobacterial Activities of Root Extracts and Fractions from Vernonia glabra, (Steetz) Vatke

Vernonia glabra is used by Malawian traditional healers to treat a myriad of ailments including shingles, diabetes, dysentery, diarrhoea, cough, wounds, gonorrhoea, and gastrointestinal problems. This study evaluated phytoconstituents the in vitro antimycobacterial activities crude extracts fractions from roots glabra. Agar disk diffusion modified broth microdilution assays were determine dichloromethane (DCM) ethyl acetate (EtOAc) roots. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses characterise major compounds fractions. The EtOAc fraction exhibited highest activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. achieved minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 4.88 μg/mL half-maximal (IC50) value 38.37 μg/mL, whereas gentamycin, standard drug, MIC IC50 values 3.13 3.88 respectively. GC-MS FTIR revealed presence hexadecenoic acid, methyl ester (0.39%), diisooctyl phthalate (24.56%), oxalic allyl undecyl (4.66%), bis(2-ethylhexylphthalate) (5.41%), octacosane (51.12%), tetradecane (12.63%), phenol, 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) (0.07%), 2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzaldehyde (6.47%). identified are reported literature possess antimicrobial anticancer activities. It was evident comparison hill slope (HS) dose-response curves (−1.005) its extract (−1.322) that repeated fractionation improved activity. Therefore, this showed present potential source new leads for drugs.