Physical activity in lactating women influences SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in human milk

BackgroundModerate exercise results in a significant increase serum and salivary immunoglobulins. Maternal physical activity might therefore be an additional factor influencing antibody levels human milk. This study aims to determine the influence of on SARS-CoV-2-specific Immunoglobulin A (IgA) milk G (IgG) serum.MethodsIn this prospective cross-sectional cohort study, all lactating women Netherlands were eligible participate. IgA IgG determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data performed was collected Short Questionnaire Assess Health enhancing (SQUASH), which includes intensity duration activity.FindingsIn total, 356 out 2312 tested positive for antibodies serum. Of them, 323 filled questionnaire included analysis. An association between score (B = 1·035, 95·0% CI 1·019 1·052, p 0·042) 1·019, 1·009 1·029, 0·048) demonstrated. No found or serum.InterpretationOur findings suggest that is beneficial serum, with being most important contributor relationship. higher level provide better immunological protection infants.