Phloretin Modulates Human Th17/Treg Cell Differentiation In Vitro via AMPK Signaling

Notch signaling modulates MUC16 biosynthesis in an in vitro model of human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cell differentiation.

PURPOSE Notch proteins are a family of transmembrane receptors that coordinate binary cell fate decisions and differentiation in wet-surfaced epithelia. We sought to determine whether Notch signaling contributes to maintaining mucosal homeostasis by modulating the biosynthesis of cell surface-associated mucins in an in vitro model of human corneal (HCLE) and conjunctival (HCjE) epithelial cell ...

Lats2 Modulates Adipocyte Proliferation and Differentiation via Hippo Signaling

First identified in Drosophila and highly conserved in mammals, the Hippo pathway controls organ size. Lats2 is one of the core kinases of the Hippo pathway and plays major roles in cell proliferation by interacting with the downstream transcriptional cofactors YAP and TAZ. Although the function of the Hippo pathway and Lats2 is relatively well understood in several tissues and organs, less is ...

In vitro differentiation of skin sensitizers by cell signaling pathways.

Animal testing causes ethical problems and in view of EU regulations (e.g. EU-Guideline (76/768/EEC, February 2003)) or REACH the development of reliable in vitro assays has become even more important. Up to now, we use the modified local lymph node assay (IMDS) for toxicological hazard identification of sensitizing and irritant properties of chemicals in accordance with OECD Guideline 429. In ...

Developmental Enhancement of Adenylate Kinase-AMPK Metabolic Signaling Axis Supports Stem Cell Cardiac Differentiation

BACKGROUND Energetic and metabolic circuits that orchestrate cell differentiation are largely unknown. Adenylate kinase (AK) and associated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) constitute a major metabolic signaling axis, yet the role of this system in guiding differentiation and lineage specification remains undefined. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac stem cell differentiation is the earliest even...

Effects of Inteferons on Human B-cell Differentiation in vitro