Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Activation Promotes Infiltration of Alternatively Activated Macrophages into Adipose Tissue

Amniotic membrane induces peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ positive alternatively activated macrophages.

PURPOSE Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) reportedly improves herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK). Here we studied the role of the amniotic membrane (AM) on macrophages. METHODS BALB/c mice with necrotizing HSK received an AMT or tarsorrhaphy (TAR) as control. Apoptosis of F4/80+ cells was determined using the annexinV/7-AAD system. Macrophage invasion was determined using a cornea invasio...

Mode of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activation by luteolin.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a target for treatment of type II diabetes and other conditions. PPARγ full agonists, such as thiazolidinediones (TZDs), are effective insulin sensitizers and anti-inflammatory agents, but their use is limited by adverse side effects. Luteolin is a flavonoid with anti-inflammatory actions that binds PPARγ but, unlike TZDs, does not pro...

Regulation of brown adipose tissue recruitment, metabolism and thermogenic function by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ

Brown adipose tissue contributes importantly to homeothermy and energy balance in rodents due its ability under demand to produce heat through a process denominated nonshivering thermogenesis. Such thermogenic ability of brown adipocytes relies on the activity of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 that, when properly activated, dissipates energy from oxidative metabolism as heat. Brown adipose ...

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor

Peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. All PPARs heterodimerize with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and bind to specific regions on the DNA of target genes. The discovery of PPARγ as a target of multimodal insulin sensitizers has attracted remarkable scientific interest and had a great impact on the pharmaceutical industry. Thi...