Pension funds: guarantors of international legality in Western Sahara? Evidence from Norway and Sweden

Natural resources have been defined by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Polisario Front, and a number of non-governmental organisations not only as an essential part Western Sahara conflict, but also battlefield that has attracted interest international community. This article explores how ethical trade guidelines two large institutional investors – Norwegian Swedish pension funds affected behaviour companies export exploit natural Sahara. The results applying triad-network model suggest more instruments influence, their strategy becomes effective. Moreover, investments follow play key role in pressuring to modify objectionable behaviours.