Paclobutrazol as a plant growth regulator

Abstract Plant growth regulators are chemical substances which govern all the factors of development and within plants. The application plant to crops modifies hormonal balance leading increased yield, enhanced crop tolerance against abiotic stress improved physiological trait crops. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) [(2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)- 4, 4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1, 2, 4-trizol-1-yl)-pentan-3-ol], is one members triazole family having regulating property. properties PBZ mediated by changes in levels important hormones including gibberellins (GAs), abscisic acid (ABA) cytokinins (CK). affects isoprenoid pathway, alters inhibiting gibberellin synthesis increasing level consequent reduction stem elongation. When inhibited, more precursors terpenoid pathway accumulate that resulted production acid. effective when applied growing media on medium would give longer absorption time active ingredient than foliar spray. reducing height prevent lodging number weight fruits per tree, improving fruit quality terms increases carbohydrates, TSS, TSS/TA decreases acidity. It further reduces evapo-transpiration moisture enhancing relative water content leaf area develops resistance plants biotic stresses. In addition, it acts as highly systemic fungicide used several economically fungal diseases. this review, current knowledge possible applications PBZ, can be improve growth, yield crops, have been reviewed discussed. role mitigate harmful effects environmental stresses also examined. Moreover, various biochemical processes under effect discoursed detail.