Oyster hatchery breakthrough of two HABs and potential effects on larval eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica)
نویسندگان
چکیده
Harmful algal bloom (HAB) dinoflagellate species Karlodinium veneficum and Prorocentrum cordatum (prev. P. minimum) are commonly found in Chesapeake Bay during the late spring early summer months, coinciding with spawning season of eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica). Unexplained larval mortalities at regional commercial hatcheries prompted screening hatchery water samples for these HAB species. Both were treated season, sometimes exceeding cell concentrations (? 1,000 cells/mL). To investigate potential species, independently or co-exposure, to affect mortality activity, 96-h laboratory single dual bioassays seven-day-old larvae performed. Treatments bioassay included fed unfed controls, K. 1,000; 5,000; 10,000; 50,000 cells/mL, 100; cells/mL. Subsequently, cells/mL treatments combined a co-exposure treatment bioassay. At all tested, swarmed caused significant by 96 h (Karlo1,000: 21 ± 5%; Karlo5,000: 93 2%; Karlo10,000: 85 3%; Karlo50,000: 83 5%, SE). In contrast, there was no difference between control any h. By 24 h, oysters significantly less active (immotile) presence either as compared (e.g., Karlo1,000: 37.8 4.1%; Proro100: 47.3 7.4%; Fed: 10.8 3.2%; Unfed: 10.1 4.9%, bioassay, associated (44 9%, SE) not changed addition (55 7%, SE), demonstrating that primarily responsible observed mortality. This study demonstrated even low harmful oysters, could contribute reductions production through impacts on this critical life stage.
منابع مشابه
Unexplained Mortalities of Hatchery-reared, Juvenile Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica (gmelin)
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Harmful Algae
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1878-1470', '1568-9883']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2020.101965