Oxide Evolution During the Solidification of 316L Stainless Steel from Additive Manufacturing Powders with Different Oxygen Contents

Abstract The oxide evolution during the solidification of 316L stainless steel from additive manufacturing powders with different oxygen contents is studied by in situ observation melting and powder materials, advanced characterization solidified non-equilibrium thermodynamic analysis. An map established for contents. It reveals relationship between surface oxidation reused its expected species morphology as-solidified component. For content higher than ~ 0.039 pct, liquid formed first melt then crystallized to certain phases solidification, while lower oxygen, are suggested directly form melt. sample was predicted Scheil–Gulliver cooling calculation verified TEM-based phase identification. oxides low O alloy (0.0355 pct O) be (Mn, Cr)Cr 2 4 spinel SiO oxide. In high (0.4814 final spinel, oxide, Cr 3 corundum. As an important characteristic pick-up due significantly influences inclusion fusion process.