Otoferlin is a prognostic biomarker in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma: A systematic expression analysis

Objectives To comprehensively investigate the role of otoferlin as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in clear cell renal carcinoma. Methods Three independent cohorts were used to study carcinoma: The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort (messenger ribonucleic acid expression; carcinoma n = 514, normal tissue 81); validation 79, 44); immunohistochemistry (protein 142, 30). Otoferlin gene expressions extracted from database or determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Protein expression was assessed staining against on microarrays. Correlations between messenger acid/protein clinicopathological data/patient survival statistically tested. Results significantly upregulated compared with tissue. High levels correlated advanced stage, higher grade metastatic tumors, accompanied by significance for overall cancer-specific survival. In contrast, protein downregulated tumor Although, high positively histological grading independently predictive shortened progression-free Conclusion Our data suggest an indicator aggressiveness patients carcinoma, leading conclusion that could promote malignancy