Organized Violence and the State

From state-directed non-development and organized gender violence to transition in Vojvodina and Serbia.

The introduction of gender as an analytical tool in development economics is often related to questions about the social construction of male and female productive and reproductive roles and their relationships. Gendered studies of economic development focus not only on economic growth as important; they also suppose structural changes such as decreasing rates of poverty, inequality, and unempl...

The Costs of Organized Violence: a Review of the Evidence*

I critically review recent studies that estimate those costs of violence and conflict that can emerge among organized political groupings, from states, religious and ethnic organizations to guerillas and paramilitaries. The review includes studies that estimate direct and indirect costs due to internal conflicts (civil wars and other lowerlevel conflicts), terrorism, and external conflicts, inc...

A State Organized for War

T H E Q I N state's conquests of its neighbors and the unified empire that emerged were built on a foundation of reforms that Shang Yang, a minister from the state of Wey, carried out in the years following 359 B.C. His radical, thoroughgoing transformations of Qin military and civil life grew out of practices that were first pioneered in Qi and in Jin and its successors. Internecine wars among...

Freud on the State, Violence, and War

international nation-state building and political violence in new iraq

iraq is a country with many social cleavages, due to its ethnic and religious diversity, and because pf the inability of its political elite, this feature has always hindered resolving its problems. with the removal of the authoritarian regime of sadam hossein, ethnic and religious disputes escalated to their peak. the main question in this article is why has ethnic and sectarian violence exace...