Organic phosphorus leaching risk from agricultural soils across China

Abstract Background Leaching from agricultural land is one of the major pathways phosphorus (P) loss soils to waterbody and may induce adverse effect on territorial environment. Past studies usually focused inorganic P (P I ) while ignored role organic O in leaching process. A total 63 soil samples were collected across China with various types including 21 paddy soils, 13 chernozems, 11 red other type ( n = 18) identify potential risk lands explore their relationships basic properties, Fe/Al oxides, status. Results CaCl 2 -extractable (CaCl -P accounted for 8–89% (35% average) T available (AP over half (57 ± 25%). was positively correlated AP under all except soils. strongly chernozem r 0.968), 0.901). Conclusions greatly contributed should be included assessment leaching. The control excess accumulation both fractions key point cut down Mitigation measures limit established based types. Graphical abstract