Order Parameter and Entropy of Seismicity in Natural Time before Major Earthquakes: Recent Results

A lot of work in geosciences has been completed during the last decade on analysis new concept time, termed natural introduced 2001. The main advances are presented, including, among others, following: First, direct experimental verification interconnection between a Seismic Electric Signals (SES) activity and seismicity, i.e., order parameter fluctuations seismicity exhibit clearly detectable minimum when an SES starts. These two phenomena also linked closely space. Second, identification epicentral area occurrence time impending major earthquake (EQ) by means entropy change under reversal as well extrema their fluctuations. An indicative example is M9 Tohoku EQ Japan 11 March 2011. Third, to answer crucial question—when magnitude 7 class occurs—whether it foreshock or mainshock. This can be answered key quantities already mentioned, along with explanation findings identified before EQs given unified way basis physical model proposed 1980s.