Optothermal Evolution of Active Colloidal Matter in a Defocused Laser Trap

Optothermal interaction of active colloidal matter can facilitate environmental cues, which influence the dynamics soft systems. The optically induced thermal effect be harnessed to study non-equilibrium thermodynamics as well applied self-propel colloids and form assemblies. In this work, we employ a defocused laser trap self-evolving matter. optothermal in both focused optical traps has been investigated ascertain their thermophoretic behavior, shows long-range attraction short-range repulsion between colloids. gradient field-enabled have re-configurable dynamic assembly. Additionally, assembly undergoes self-evolution new colloid joins structure. Further, show that incident polarization state field employed parameter modulate structural orientation simple serve model understand collective systems microscopic engine.