Optimizing micropropagation conditions for a recalcitrant ninebark (Physocarpus opulifolius L. maxim.) cultivar

Abstract Ninebark is a very popular ornamental shrub. Micropropagation an efficient method for mass production of uniform plant material. This study was designed to develop and optimize conditions at all phases ninebark micropropagation. For the multiplication stage, Murashige Skoog (MS) medium full concentration pH 5.8 chosen as basal medium. Sorbitol proved more effective carbohydrate source than fructose, with no adverse effects on shoot vitrification or itself. The best production, both in number length, enriched 2 3 mg·L −1 zeatin. High numbers shoots were also obtained treatments 1 6-benzyladenine (BA) meta-Topolin (mT) BA most cost-effective cytokinin. There positive effect gibberellic acid proliferation: highest per explant produced presence GA . No culture age (up 20 subcultures) percentage regenerating explants evident, between passages 10 17. rooting, MS half strength used. rooting IBA. Spraying vitro rooted cuttings abscisic (ABA) favored acclimation ex conditions. Ex including IBA ABA, shortened time by approximately one third.