Optimized speed control with torque ripple reductions of BLDC motor based on SMC approach using LFD algorithm

Brushless DC motors (BLDCM) are utilized in various applications, including electric cars, medical and industrial equipment, where highefficiency speed control is necessary to meet load tracking reference fluctuations. In this study, the optimal parameters of proportional-integral (PI) sliding mode controller (SMC) for BLDC motor determined using Lévy flight distribution (LFD) technique. The integral time absolute error (ITAE) used as a fitness function with LFD algorithm tuning PI SMC parameters. optimization algorithms' performance presented statistically graphically. simulation results show based on technique has superiority over without fast-tracking desired value zero overshoot rising (6 ms) low-speed ripple up (± 9 RPM) under non-uniform conditions.