منابع مشابه
Opiates and elderly: Use and side effects
The evaluation of pain and the subsequent issue of pain control is a clinical challenge that all healthcare providers face. Pain in the elderly population is especially difficult given the myriad of physiological, pharmacological, and psychological aspects of caring for the geriatric patient. Opiates are the mainstay of pain treatment throughout all age groups but special attention must be paid...
متن کاملUse of Corticosteroids for Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases: Side Effects and Dosage
Corticosteroid drugs are used to treat many lesions and inflammatory conditions and immune-related diseases due to their anti-inflammatory effects and suppression of the immune system. These drugs, due to possible side effects such as adrenal insufficiency, should be prescribed with caution along with an assessment of its risk-benefit ratio. Moreover, its nutritional, discontinuation, and compl...
متن کاملpatterns and variations in native and non-native interlanguage pragmatic rating: effects of rater training, intercultural proficiency, and self-assessment
although there are studies on pragmatic assessment, to date, literature has been almost silent about native and non-native english raters’ criteria for the assessment of efl learners’ pragmatic performance. focusing on this topic, this study pursued four purposes. the first one was to find criteria for rating the speech acts of apology and refusal in l2 by native and non-native english teachers...
15 صفحه اولthe effects of integrative vs. instrumental motivation, learning strategy use and gender on iranian efl learners’ language proficiency
this study was carried out to investigate the effects of integrative vs. instrumental motivation, learning strategy use and gender on iranian efl learners. to this end, 120 efl learners both male and female majoring in english language and literature at shiraz university participated in the study. in order to conduct this study three instruments were used: oxford quick placement test, motivatio...
15 صفحه اولtask-based instruction, consciousness-raising and iranian efl learners acquisition and use of collocation
the present study sought to examine whether a task-based approach could have an impact on raising awareness of collocations. moreover, it sought to investigate the facilitative role of consciousness-raising tasks of collocations in the communicative instances of use. to this end, 68 intermediate learners of english were selected via a placement test. the participants were taught with classroom ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Clinical Interventions in Aging
سال: 2008
ISSN: 1178-1998
DOI: 10.2147/cia.s1847