On the Road to Sustainable Energy Storage Technologies: Synthesis of Anodes for Na-Ion Batteries from Biowaste

Hard carbon is one of the most promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries. In this work, new types biomass-derived hard carbons were obtained through pyrolysis different kinds agro-industrial biowaste (corncob, apple pomace, olive mill solid waste, defatted grape seed and dried skin). Furthermore, influence pretreating samples by hydrothermal carbonization acid hydrolysis was also studied. Except discharge capacities typical biowaste-derived in every case (≈300 mAh·g−1 at C/15). it seems that could improve capacity derived from nature high cycling rates, which are closest conditions to real applications.