ON SPIROMETRY.

Standardisation of spirometry.

Postoperative incentive spirometry use.

The authors hypothesized that the use of incentive spirometry by orthopedic patients is less than the recommended level and is affected by patient-related factors and type of surgery. To determine its postoperative use, the authors prospectively surveyed all patients in their institution's general orthopedic ward who had undergone elective spine surgery or total knee or hip arthroplasty during ...

Spirometry in old age.

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are highly prevalent in older people [1–4]. This well established fact has not, however, overcome the problem of underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis of both conditions in old age, with the inevitable effect on morbidity , and possibly mortality [1, 5]. Properly performed spirometric measurements of Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) an...

Spirometry and Bronchodilator Test

Spirometry is a physiological test for assessing the functional aspect of the lungs using an objective indicator to measure the maximum amount of air that a patient can inhale and exhale. Acceptable spirometry testing needs to be conducted three times by an acceptable and reproducible method for determining forced vital capacity (FVC). Until the results of three tests meet the criteria of repro...

Spirometry in young children

fibroblasts [3]. Its action is basically opposed to that of TNF-a, which is a rather inflammatory cytokine [2]. It is considered, as well as IL-4, a major IL in the T-helper cell type 2 immune response [4]. Interestingly, IL-10 levels have been found to be high in rat tissues with pulmonary fibrosis, while in rats with IL-10 deficiency, the inflammatory response has been found to be more intens...