Occurrence of Echinococcusgranulosussensulato and Other Taeniids in Bhutan

The present research shows the results of a national study documenting occurrence and genetic diversity Echinococcus Taenia species across Bhutan. Environmental dog faecal samples (n = 953) were collected from 2016 to 2018 in all 20 Bhutanese districts, mainly urbanised areas. Cystic echinococcosis cysts isolated 13 humans one mithun (Bos frontalis). Isolation taeniid eggs faeces was performed by sieving/flotation technique, followed DNA isolation, PCR sequence analyses for identification (gene target: small subunit ribosomal RNA). Genetic E. granulosuss.s. based on (1609 bp) cox1 gene. A total 67 out 953 (7%) positive at least species. From 670 free-roaming samples, 40 (5.9%) DNA, 22 (3.2%) them identified as four (0.5%) ortleppi (G5). 283 originating yak-grazing areas, 27 (9.5%) positive, including eight (2.8%) infected with (1.4%) ortleppi. isolates human cyst mithun. haplotype network (cox1 gene) granulosuss.s, 12 dogs, two mithun, revealed different haplotypes. most common globally distributed Eg01, Eg40 Eg37 (previously described China). Five new haplotypes (EgBhu1–5) originated human, identified. indicated contamination urban areas pastures seven districts molecular characterisation granulosuss.l. well transmission T. multiceps documented only western part country. Considering zoonotic feature granulosus s.s. economic impact coenurosis caused (also known gid) Bhutan, findings this represent significant contribution towards an epidemiological baseline establishment control programme.