منابع مشابه
Confronting the Threat of Nuclear Winter
Large-scale nuclear war sends large quantities of smoke into the stratosphere, causing severe global environmental effects including surface temperature declines and increased ultraviolet radiation. The temperature decline and the full set of environmental effects are known as nuclear winter. This paper surveys the range of actions that can confront the threat of nuclear winter, both now and in...
متن کاملEffects of Dirty Snow in Nuclear Winter Simulations
A large-scale nuclear war would inject smoke into the atmosphere from burning forests, cities, and industries in targeted areas. This smoke could fall out onto snow and ice and would lower cryospherie albedos by as much as 50%. A global energy balance elimate model is used to investigate the maximum effect these "dirty snow" albedos have on the surface temperature in nuclear winter simulations ...
متن کاملClimate and smoke: an appraisal of nuclear winter.
The latest understanding of nuclear winter is reviewed. Considerable progress has been made in quantifying the production and injection of soot by large-scale fires, the regional and global atmospheric dispersion of the soot, and the resulting physical, environmental, and climatic perturbations. New information has been obtained from laboratory studies, field experiments, and numerical modeli...
متن کاملNuclear winter revisited with a modern climate model and current nuclear arsenals: Still catastrophic consequences
[1] Twenty years ago, the results of climate model simulations of the response to smoke and dust from a massive nuclear exchange between the superpowers could be summarized as ‘‘nuclear winter,’’ with rapid temperature, precipitation, and insolation drops at the surface that would threaten global agriculture for at least a year. The global nuclear arsenal has fallen by a factor of three since t...
متن کاملWhy Carl Sagan ' s ' nuclear winter ' scenario is an unscientific fraud
On Oct. 31 and Nov. 1, a wide-ranging coalition of environ mentalist and population-control organizations sponsored a conference bankrolled by the Rockefeller Foundation on "The World After Nuclear War: Conference on the Long-term World-wide Biological Consequences of Nuclear War." As tronomer Carl Sagan and biologist Paul Ehrlich announced the results of a supposed scientific investigation o...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1985
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/313343c0