NORMALIZED HEAD LOSS AS A CLOGGING INDICATOR IN SLOW SAND FILTER AND ITS ALGAL FLORA

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Clogging time of a filter.

We study the time until a filter becomes clogged due to the trapping of suspended particles as they pass through a porous medium. This trapping progressively impedes and eventually stops the flow of the carrier fluid. We develop a simple description for the pore geometry and the motion of the suspended particles which, together with extreme-value statistics, predicts that the distribution of ti...

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Separation of solids from fluid is a vital process to achieve the desired level of purification in industry. Contaminant filtration is a common process in a variety of applications in industry. Clogging of filter phenomena is the primary failure mode leading to replacement or cleansing of filter. Reduced performance and efficiency or cascading failures are the unfortunate outcomes of a clogged ...

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Slow-sand water filter: Design, implementation, accessibility and sustainability in developing countries

The need for clean water has risen exponentially over the globe. Millions of people are affected daily by a lack of clean water, especially women and children, as much of their day is dedicated to collecting water. The global water crisis not only has severe medical implications, but social, political, and economic consequences as well. The Institute of Catholic Bioethics at Saint Joseph's Univ...

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Visualisation of the microbial colonisation of a slow sand filter using an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope

The removal of contaminants in slow sand filters occurs mainly in the colmation layer or schmutzdecke a biologically active layer consisting of algae, bacteria, diatoms and zooplankton. A ripening period of 6 8 weeks is required for this layer to form, during which time filter performance is sub-optimal. In the current study, an environmental scanning electron microscope was used to visualise t...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Japanese Journal of Water Treatment Biology

سال: 1992

ISSN: 0910-6758,1881-0438

DOI: 10.2521/jswtb.28.7