Nonthermal laser ablation of high-efficiency semitransparent and aesthetic perovskite solar cells

Abstract Perovskite solar cells (PSC) offer a promising solution for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) due to its high photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE). However, increasing the transparency of their functional layers dramatically decreases PCE. Here, computer controlled laser patterning method was proposed directly turn PSC modules into semitransparent and with aesthetic artificial pattern, without additional complexities conventional PSCs fabrication process. A structured ST-PSC achieving champion PCE 17.5% average visible (AVT) 18.2%, mini-module 5 × cm 2 delivering 9.1% AVT 37.7% were demonstrated. Rationally designed patterns imprinted on mini-modules, 14.4%. These results reveal new route low-cost facile fabricating performance large-area BIPV modules, represent big step forward toward transparency.