Non?optimal codon usage preferences of coronaviruses determine their promiscuity for infecting multiple hosts

Circulating animal coronaviruses occasionally infect humans. The SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the current worldwide outbreak of COVID-19 that has resulted in 2 112 844 deaths as late January 2021. We compared genetic code preferences 496 viruses, including 34 and 242 corresponding hosts, to uncover patterns distinguish single- ‘promiscuous’ multiple-host-infecting viruses. Based on a codon usage preference score, promiscuous viruses were shown significantly employ nonoptimal codons, namely codons involve ‘wobble’ binding anticodons, single-host adaptation index (CAI) effective number (ENC) calculated all hosts. Promiscuous less adapted hosts vs (P-value = 4.392e-11). All exploit multiple found at beginning viral coding sequences enhance translational efficiency proteins within host. Finally, lack endogenous RNA degradation motifs significant degree, thereby increasing mRNA burden infection load. To conclude, we promiscuously infecting prefer remove from their RNAs dramatically increase production rates.