NOCTURNAL SURFACE-SOIL TEMPERATURES, AIR TEMPERATURES, AND GROUND INVERSIONS IN SOUTHERN ARIZONA

Bias Corrections for Historical Sea Surface Temperatures Based on Marine Air Temperatures

Because of changes in SST sampling methods in the 1940s and earlier, there are biases in the earlier period SSTs relative to the most recent 50 years. Published results from the Met Office have shown the need for historic bias correction and have developed several correction techniques. An independent bias-correction method is developed here from an analysis using nighttime marine air temperatu...

Mid-Latitude (30◦–60◦ N) climatic warming inferred by combining borehole temperatures with surface air temperatures

We construct a mid-latitude (30–60 N) reduced temperature-depth profile from a global borehole temperature database compiled for climate reconstruction. This reduced temperature profile is interpreted in terms of past surface ground temperature change and indicates warming on the order of 1C over the past 100 to 200 years. The combination of an initial temperature (the primary free parameter) w...

Impacts of wind farms on surface air temperatures.

Utility-scale large wind farms are rapidly growing in size and numbers all over the world. Data from a meteorological field campaign show that such wind farms can significantly affect near-surface air temperatures. These effects result from enhanced vertical mixing due to turbulence generated by wind turbine rotors. The impacts of wind farms on local weather can be minimized by changing rotor d...

Complete Urban Surface Temperatures

An observation program using ground and airborne thermal infrared radiometers is used to estimate the surface temperature of urban areas, taking into account the total active surface area. The authors call this the complete urban surface temperature. This temperature is not restricted by the viewing biases inherent in remote sensors used to estimate surface temperature over rough surfaces such ...

A global comparison between station air temperatures and MODIS land surface temperatures reveals the cooling role of forests