Niacin stimulates EPH4EV mammary epithelial cell proliferation and mammary gland development in pubertal mice through activation of AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways

Previous studies have shown the effects of vitamins on development mammary gland. However, role niacin in this process has not been reported. Therefore, aim study is to investigate gland pubertal mice and use a mouse epithelial cell line underlying mechanism. The results showed that could activate AKT/mTOR ERK signaling pathways increase phosphorylation 4EBP1 promote synthesis proliferation markers, leading dissociation Rb-E2F1 complex mMECs. In addition, 0.5% promoted duct development, increased expression cyclin D1/D3 PCNA activated Akt/mTOR ERK1/2 glands mice. These strongly suggest stimulates through pathways.