Nanoscale Strontium-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Pastes and Gels for Bone Tissue Regeneration

Injectable nanoscale hydroxyapatite (nHA) systems are highly promising biomaterials to address clinical needs in bone tissue regeneration, due their excellent biocompatibility, bioinspired nature, and ability be delivered a minimally invasive manner. Bulk strontium-substituted (SrHA) is reported encourage growth by stimulating deposition reducing resorption, but there no detailed reports describing the preparation of systematic substitution up 100% at nanoscale. The aim this work was therefore fabricate series (0–100 atomic% Sr) SrHA pastes gels using two different rapid-mixing methodological approaches, wet precipitation sol-gel. full range materials were successfully prepared both methods, with measured very close calculated amounts. As anticipated, samples showed increased radiopacity, beneficial property aid vivo or monitoring material situ over time. For indirect greatest cell viabilities observed for substituted paste gel, while direct viability results most likely influenced disaggregation culture media. It concluded that SrHAs superior applications surgery, radiopacity improved biocompatibility.