Myelin phagocytosis by astrocytes after myelin damage promotes lesion pathology

Therapeutic inhibition of soluble brain TNF promotes remyelination by increasing myelin phagocytosis by microglia.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory CNS demyelinating disease in which remyelination largely fails. Transmembrane TNF (tmTNF) and TNF receptor 2 are important for remyelination in experimental MS models, but it is unknown whether soluble TNF (solTNF), a major proinflammatory factor, is involved in regeneration processes. Here, we investigated the specific contribution of solTNF to demyel...

mediate myelin damage in ischaemia

Region-specific myelin pathology in mice lacking the golli products of the myelin basic protein gene.

The myelin basic protein (MBP) gene encodes two families of proteins, the classic MBP constituents of myelin and the golli-MBPs, the function of which is less well understood. In this study, targeted ablation of the golli-MBPs, but not the classic MBPs, resulted in a distinct phenotype unlike that of knock-outs (KOs) of the classic MBPs or other myelin proteins. Although the golli KO animals di...

Myelin: Delivery by raft

Recent results suggest that membrane proteins are delivered to the myelin sheath of an oligodendrocyte on rafts with a distinctive lipid composition. The major intrinsic membrane protein of myelin, proteolipid protein, interacts with rafts in oligodendrocytes but not with the different rafts found in other cell types.

Pioglitazone regulates myelin phagocytosis and multiple sclerosis monocytes

OBJECTIVE Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Myeloid phagocytes, including blood monocytes recruited to demyelinating lesions, may play a dual role in MS: on one hand, they might enhance CNS damage after differentiating toward a proinflammatory phenotype; on the other, they promote remyelination and repair through effective phag...