Multiple active voltage stabilizations for multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometry

The performance of a multi-reflection time-of-flight (MR-ToF) mass spectrometer is evaluated under the use four voltage feedback loops to actively regulate its mirror potentials. Different electronic hardware characterized find most useful configuration for parallel regulation all MR-ToF analyzer’s reflecting gain in resolving power low-abundance ion species demonstrated by measuring pairs molecular isobars zinc clusters and analyzed context expected flight-time fluctuations. For higher-abundance species, powers reached short- long-term measurements are probed with bismuth-cluster ions, resulting values up 500 000 200 000, respectively, absence offline corrections. Additionally, feedback-loop found be advantageous changes experiment cycles which voltages switched for, e.g., ejection.